autoimmune diseases

A single drop of saliva contains a wealth of information, especially for patients with autoimmune diseases like Sjögren’s syndrome (SS). Among the many changes SS induces in the salivary glands, alterations in electrolyte levels—specifically calcium (Ca²⁺), chloride (Cl⁻), and potassium (K⁺)—stand out as key indicators of the disease’s impact.  These hidden signals not only reflect […]

Oral health has long been considered a mirror of overall health, and for patients with autoimmune diseases like Sjögren’s syndrome (SS), this connection runs even deeper. SS, an autoimmune disorder that primarily targets moisture-producing glands, has profound effects on the oral cavity, leading to decreased saliva production and altered salivary composition. But beneath these symptoms […]