electrolyte biomarkers

Calcium, Chloride, and Potassium The Hidden Signals in Sjögren’s Syndrome Saliva

Calcium, Chloride, and Potassium: The Hidden Signals in Sjögren’s Syndrome Saliva

A single drop of saliva contains a wealth of information, especially for patients with autoimmune diseases like Sjögren’s syndrome (SS). Among the many changes SS induces in the salivary glands, alterations in electrolyte levels—specifically calcium (Ca²⁺), chloride (Cl⁻), and potassium (K⁺)—stand out as key indicators of the disease’s impact.  These hidden signals not only reflect […]

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